@techreport{oai:ir.ide.go.jp:00038010,
 author = {Kumagai, Satoru},
 month = {Jun},
 note = {application/pdf, IDP000157_001, Researchers have long believed the concept of "excitement" in games to be subjective and difficult to measure. This paper presents the development of a mathematically computable index that measures the concept from the viewpoint of an audience and from that of a player. One of the key aspects of the index is the differential of the probability of "winning" before and after one specific "play" in a given game. The index makes a large contribution to the study of games and enables researchers to compare and analyze the “excitement” of various games. It may be applied in many fields, especially the area of welfare economics, and applications may range from those related to allocative efficiency to axioms of justice and equity.},
 title = {A Mathematical Representation of "Excitement" in Games: A Contribution to the Theory of Game Systems},
 year = {2008}
}